Comparison of Properties of Hydrogen Alkali metals And Halogens
Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table. It has atomic number 1. Hydrogen combines with every element in the periodic table.
Hydrogen was first discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1766. He named the gas 'inflammable air' but later Lavoisier called the gas hydrogen -- water maker.
1. Alkali metals have 1 electron in its valence shell. Similar to these elements, hydrogen also has one electron in its valence shell.
2. Alkali metal shows a tendency to lose the only electron to form a unipositive ion. Hydrogen shows the same tendency to lose one electron and form a positive hydrogen ion.
3. Valency of hydrogen, as well as alkali metal, is 1.
4. Alkali metal shows a strong affinity for nonmetal such as halogens, oxygen to form halides, oxides. Similar to alkali metal, hydrogen also shows the same tendency to form halides, oxides.
5. Alkali metals are good reducing agents. Hydrogen is also shown the same behavior.
1. The ionization energy of hydrogen is very high as compared to alkali metals.
2. Alkali metals are metals while hydrogen is a nonmetal. Hydrogen exists in the atmosphere as a diatomic but alkali metals exist as a monoatomic element.
3. Oxides of alkali metals are basic in nature. But hydrogen oxide that is water is neutral.
4. Hydrogen halides are covalent in nature and also have a low boiling point. But alkali metal halides are ionic in nature and have a high melting point.
1. Halogens are non-metallic in nature similarly hydrogen is also non-metallic.
2. Halogens are diatomic in nature, hydrogen also shows diatomic nature.
3. Halogens show a tendency to accept an electron to form an anion. Hydrogen can also gain one electron to form negative hydrogen ion.
4. The ionization energy of hydrogen is very close to the ionization energy of halogen.
5. Generally, halogen shows -1 oxidation state in their compounds. Hydrogen can also show a -1 oxidation state.
6. Valency of halogen is 1. Similarly, hydrogen shows valency 1.
1. Oxides of nitrogen are acidic in nature but the oxide of hydrogen that is water is neutral.
2. Hydrogen has a small value of electron affinity. So it can form hydride only with strongly electropositive metal.
But on the other hand, halogen accepts electron readily to form halide.
These are some comparison points between hydrogen-alkali metals and hydrogen-halogens.
Hydrogen was first discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1766. He named the gas 'inflammable air' but later Lavoisier called the gas hydrogen -- water maker.
Similarities of hydrogen with alkali metal
1. Alkali metals have 1 electron in its valence shell. Similar to these elements, hydrogen also has one electron in its valence shell.
2. Alkali metal shows a tendency to lose the only electron to form a unipositive ion. Hydrogen shows the same tendency to lose one electron and form a positive hydrogen ion.
3. Valency of hydrogen, as well as alkali metal, is 1.
4. Alkali metal shows a strong affinity for nonmetal such as halogens, oxygen to form halides, oxides. Similar to alkali metal, hydrogen also shows the same tendency to form halides, oxides.
5. Alkali metals are good reducing agents. Hydrogen is also shown the same behavior.
Differences of hydrogen with alkali metal
1. The ionization energy of hydrogen is very high as compared to alkali metals.
2. Alkali metals are metals while hydrogen is a nonmetal. Hydrogen exists in the atmosphere as a diatomic but alkali metals exist as a monoatomic element.
3. Oxides of alkali metals are basic in nature. But hydrogen oxide that is water is neutral.
4. Hydrogen halides are covalent in nature and also have a low boiling point. But alkali metal halides are ionic in nature and have a high melting point.
Similarities of hydrogen with halogens
1. Halogens are non-metallic in nature similarly hydrogen is also non-metallic.
2. Halogens are diatomic in nature, hydrogen also shows diatomic nature.
3. Halogens show a tendency to accept an electron to form an anion. Hydrogen can also gain one electron to form negative hydrogen ion.
4. The ionization energy of hydrogen is very close to the ionization energy of halogen.
5. Generally, halogen shows -1 oxidation state in their compounds. Hydrogen can also show a -1 oxidation state.
6. Valency of halogen is 1. Similarly, hydrogen shows valency 1.
Differences of hydrogen with halogens
1. Oxides of nitrogen are acidic in nature but the oxide of hydrogen that is water is neutral.
2. Hydrogen has a small value of electron affinity. So it can form hydride only with strongly electropositive metal.
But on the other hand, halogen accepts electron readily to form halide.
These are some comparison points between hydrogen-alkali metals and hydrogen-halogens.
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